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    "version" : "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1",
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    "type" : "single",
    "title" : "Spanish Language Style Guide and Glossaries: Grammar |Digital.gov",
    "description": "Spanish Language Style Guide and Glossaries: Grammar",
    "home_page_url" : "/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/","feed_url" : "/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/index.json","item" : [
    {"title" :"Spanish Language Style Guide and Glossaries: Grammar","summary" : "Examples and explanations for words, phrases, acronyms, numbers, punctuation, capitalization, symbols, and more used in Spanish grammar.","date" : "2014-02-07T05:16:19-04:00","date_modified" : "2025-01-27T19:42:55-05:00","authors" : {"lgodfrey" : "Laura Godfrey"},"topics" : {
        
            "multilingual" : "Multilingual"
            },"branch" : "bc-archive-content-3",
      "filename" :"spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar.md",
      
      "filepath" :"resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar.md",
      "filepathURL" :"https://github.com/GSA/digitalgov.gov/blob/bc-archive-content-3/content/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar.md",
      "editpathURL" :"https://github.com/GSA/digitalgov.gov/edit/bc-archive-content-3/content/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar.md","slug" : "spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar","url" : "/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/","content" :"\u003cp\u003eBelow are examples and explanations for words, phrases, acronyms, numbers, punctuation, capitalization, symbols, and more used in Spanish grammar.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/#abbreviations\"\u003eAbbreviations, Acronyms and Em Dash\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/#capitalization\"\u003eSpanish Language Capitalization\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/#dates\"\u003eSpanish Language Dates \u0026amp; Numbers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/#punctuation\"\u003eSpanish Language Punctuation\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/preview/gsa/digitalgov.gov/bc-archive-content-3/resources/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries/spanish-language-style-guide-and-glossaries-grammar/#diacritics\"\u003eSpanish Language Diacritics and HTML Code\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"abbreviations\"\u003eAbbreviations, Acronyms and Em Dash\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"abbreviations-1\"\u003eAbbreviations\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: EE UU\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: EE. UU. (Estados Unidos)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col start=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: f.f. c.c.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: FF. CC. (ferrocarriles)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlural form of compound words, organization names or some countries are made by using double letters, as in ferrocarriles (FF. CC.) and Estados Unidos (EE. UU.).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"acronyms\"\u003eAcronyms\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: CD–ROM\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: CD–ROM (Compact Disk–Read Only Memory)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col start=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: E.U.A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: EUA\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003col start=\"3\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: O.N.U.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCorrect Use\u003c/strong\u003e: ONU\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile periods are used in abbreviations of complex names (two or more words) to indicate different words, acronyms (siglas en español) do not use periods between the words.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"pluralization-of-acronyms\"\u003ePluralization of Acronyms\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAcronyms don\u0026rsquo;t add an \u0026ldquo;s\u0026rdquo; to denote plural when preceded by articles or words that denote plural, i.e. \u0026ldquo;los CD,\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;muchas ONG.\u0026rdquo; However, in cases where there are no modifiers that denote plural, it may be acceptable to pluralize acronyms as in English: CDs, DVDs, PCs, ONGs. For example: \u0026ldquo;Reproducir DVDs en el equipo.\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"em-dash-\"\u003eEm Dash (—)\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is mainly used to indicate incidental sentences and speech openings in dialogues.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"incorrect-use\"\u003eIncorrect Use\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSon dos ciudades — Roma y Venecia\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLa traducción — Una ciencia empírica\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCome—dijo ella—o llegaremos tarde\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMe temo –comentó Juan- que da igual OR Me temo –comentó Juan–que da igual\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"correct-use-or-lack-of-use\"\u003eCorrect Use (or Lack of Use)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSon dos ciudades: Roma y Venecia\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLa traducción, una ciencia empírica\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCome —dijo ella— o llegaremos tarde\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMe temo —comentó Juan— que da igual\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"capitalization\"\u003eSpanish Language Capitalization\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTitles in Spanish do not follow the capitalization style of the English language:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFraudes de trabajo en el hogar\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWork-at-Home Schemes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"do-not-capitalize\"\u003eDo NOT Capitalize\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDays of the week and months\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn Spanish the days of the week and months of the year are written in lower case unless they are the first word in a sentence.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLanguages and nationalities\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFollow the same guidelines as days of the week and months.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWords in parentheses\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDon’t capitalize unless the text in parentheses is an acronym. Examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTC (tomografía computada)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRed Mundial para la Búsqueda de Niños Desaparecidos (en inglés)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCulebrilla (herpes zoster)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"do-capitalize\"\u003eDo Capitalize\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst Word of a Title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTipos de asistencia financiera para la universidad.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNames of People or Places (Proper Nouns)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnfermedad de Still del adulto\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvite problemas en las aduanas cuando regresa a los Estados Unidos\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganización Internacional del Trabajo\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst Word After a Colon (:)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen it is a quote (between quotations marks or not), or a list in several paragraphs, each one following a number or a letter\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst Word After an Em (—) Dash\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnfermedad del corazón —Prevención\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFirst Word After a Forward Slash (/)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImpuestos/Tributación\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDesvío de las arterias coronarias/Angioplastia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"dates\"\u003eDates \u0026amp; Numbers\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"dates-1\"\u003eDates\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Spanish, dates are expressed in this order: day, month, year (DDMMYYYY).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26 de octubre de 2004\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26 octubre 2004\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26/10/04\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe recommend using the first two forms in the United States to avoid confusion with the American mode for reflecting dates.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"numbers\"\u003eNumbers\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.anle.us/\"\u003eThe North American Academy of Spanish Language (www.anle.us)\u003c/a\u003e, acting under the \u003ca href=\"https://s3.amazonaws.com/digitalgov/_legacy-img/2014/05/2014-ANLE-Agreement.pdf\"\u003eGSA-ANLE Agreement\u003c/a\u003e (PDF, 214 KB, 4 pages), recommends that the notation for decimals and fractions in Spanish texts published in the United States follow the American model. Nine Latin American countries also follow this model. The decision was based on the nomenclature used in the United States by banks, financial documents, commerce and the media.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCorrect use in USA: $1,276.50\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncorrect use in USA: $1.276,59\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"ordinal-numbers\"\u003eOrdinal numbers\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ch4 id=\"commonly-used\"\u003eCommonly used:\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviated ordinal numbers: 1ro. or 1º, 2do. or 2º, 3ro. or 3º…\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeminine gender case: 1ra. or 1ª, 2da. o 2ª, 3ra o 3ª …\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 id=\"academic-spanish\"\u003eAcademic Spanish:\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviated ordinal numbers: 1.º, 2.º, 3.º… 25.º… 100.º\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFeminine gender case: 1.ª, 2.ª, 3.ª … 25.ª … 100.ª\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"billions-and-trillions\"\u003eBillions and Trillions\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMuch has been debated about these two terms and how to translate them into Spanish in the United States. To avoid confusion for Spanish speakers in the United States, a literal translation from English is recommended.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"translation-in-the-united-states\"\u003eTranslation in the United States\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBillion = Billón (1,000,000,000)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrillion = Trillón (1,000,000,000,000)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"translation-for-other-countries-or-international-spanish\"\u003eTranslation for other countries or International Spanish\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBillion (US English) = Mil millones (unidad seguida de nueve ceros)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrillion (US English) = Billón (unidad seguida de doce ceros)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"meaning-of-these-terms-in-the-diccionario-de-la-real-academia-española-draehttpwwwraees\"\u003eMeaning of these terms in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rae.es/\"\u003eDiccionario de la Real Academia Española (DRAE)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBillón = Un millón de millones, que se expresa por la unidad seguida de doce ceros. (DRAE)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrillón = Un millón de billones, que se expresa por la unidad seguida de 18 ceros. (DRAE)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"punctuation\"\u003ePunctuation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"exclamation-and-question-marks\"\u003eExclamation and Question Marks\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Spanish, exclamation and question marks open and close the desired phrase. The opening ones are inverted (¡) (¿) and the closing ones are the same as in English: (!) and (?):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e¡Hágalo en línea!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e¿Cómo puedo hacerme ciudadano estadounidense?\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePunctuation marks are written outside of quotation marks, parenthesis and dashes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJuventud, divino tesoro, ¡ya te vas para no volver!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEl médico dijo: “La revisión se canceló; era previsible por el temor del paciente. Sin embargo, es probable que la cancelación no sea definitiva”; acto seguido, suspiró hondo y añadió: “El cáncer es curable en su diagnóstico precoz (las estadísticas lo confirman), la familia debe saberlo”.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"diacritics\"\u003eDiacritics and HTML Code\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"use-of-diacritics\"\u003eUse of Diacritics\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen using HTML, diacritics [los acentos gráficos] must be also coded. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003ePágina = P\u0026amp;amp;#225;gina\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 id=\"spanish-accent-rules\"\u003eSpanish Accent Rules\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccent rules apply to both capital and lower case letters. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eÁcido fólico/ácido fólico\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eÚltima revisión/última revisión\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach character and its code is listed below:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" summary=\"Listing of Diacritics and Their Character Codes\"\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003cth scope=\"col\"\u003e\n      Character\n    \u003c/th\u003e\n    \u003cth scope=\"col\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Number\n    \u003c/th\u003e\n    \u003cth scope=\"col\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Entity\n    \u003c/th\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      á\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#225;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;aacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      é\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#233;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;eacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      í\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#237;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;iacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ó\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#243;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;oacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ñ\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#241;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;ntilde;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ú\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#250;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;uacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ü\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#252;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;uuml;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Á\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#193;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Aacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      É\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#201;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Eacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Í\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#205;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Iacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Ó\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#211;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Oacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Ú\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#218;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Uacute;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Ü\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#220;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Uuml;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      Ñ\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#209;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;Ntilde;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n       ª\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#170;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;ordf;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n       º\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#186;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;ordm;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"punctuation-1\"\u003ePunctuation\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" summary=\"Listing of Punctuation Marks and Their Character Codes\"\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003cth scope=\"col\"\u003e\n      Symbol\n    \u003c/th\u003e\n    \u003cth scope=\"col\" align=\"center\"\u003e\n      HTML Entity\n    \u003c/th\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      –\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;ndash;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      —\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;mdash;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ¿\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;iquest;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      ¡\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;iexcl;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      «\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;laquo;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      »\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;raquo;\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n  \u003ctr\u003e\n    \u003ctd align=\"center\"\u003e\n      \"\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n    \u003ctd\u003e\n      \u0026amp;#quot; (to open and close)\n    \u003c/td\u003e\n  \u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"sources\"\u003eSources\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.rae.es/\"\u003eEl Diccionario de la Real Academia Española\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNational Association of Hispanic Journalists. Manual de estilo. Knight Ridder: Ann Arbor, c.2003. (Not available online)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://glosas.anle.us/\"\u003eGlosas, órgano informativo de la Comisión de Traducciones de la Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.certifiedchinesetranslation.com/Spanish/ortotipo.html\"\u003eErrores ortotipográficos en la traducción al español\u003c/a\u003e. Xosé Castro Roig y Lucía Rodríguez Corral, c.1999\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n"}
  ]
}